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Edward R. Murrow - Wikipedia. Edward R. Murrow. KBE (born Egbert Roscoe Murrow; [1] April 2. April 2. 7, 1. 96.
American broadcast journalist. He was generally referred to as Ed Murrow.
He first came to prominence with a series of radio broadcasts for the news division of the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) during World War II, which were followed by millions of listeners in the United States. During the war he assembled a team of foreign correspondents who came to be known as the Murrow Boys. A pioneer of television news broadcasting, Murrow produced a series of reports that helped lead to the censure of Senator Joseph Mc. Carthy. Fellow journalists Eric Sevareid, Ed Bliss, Bill Downs, Dan Rather, and Alexander Kendrick consider Murrow one of journalism's greatest figures, noting his honesty and integrity in delivering the news. Early life[edit]Murrow was born Egbert Roscoe Murrow at Polecat Creek, near Greensboro,[2] in Guilford County, North Carolina, the son of Roscoe Conklin Murrow and Ethel F. Lamb) Murrow. His parents were Quakers.[3] He was the youngest of three brothers and was a "mixture of Scottish, Irish, English and German" descent.[4] The firstborn, Roscoe Jr., lived only a few hours. Lacey Van Buren was four years old and Dewey Roscoe was two years old when Murrow was born.[5] His home was a log cabin without electricity or plumbing, on a farm bringing in only a few hundred dollars a year from corn and hay.
When Murrow was six years old, his family moved across the country to Skagit County in western. Washington, to homestead near Blanchard, 3. Canada–US border. He attended high school in nearby Edison, and was president of the student body in his senior year and excelled on the debate team. He was also a member of the basketball team which won the Skagit County championship. After graduation from high school in 1. Murrow enrolled at Washington State College (now Washington State University) across the state in Pullman, and eventually majored in speech.
A member of the Kappa Sigmafraternity, he was also active in college politics. By his teen years, Murrow went by the nickname "Ed" and during his second year of college, he changed his name from Egbert to Edward. In 1. 92. 9, while attending the annual convention of the National Student Federation of America, Murrow gave a speech urging college students to become more interested in national and world affairs; this led to his election as president of the federation.
After earning his bachelor's degree in 1. New York. Murrow was assistant director of the Institute of International Education from 1. Emergency Committee in Aid of Displaced Foreign Scholars, which helped prominent German scholars who had been dismissed from academic positions. He married Janet Huntington Brewster on March 1. Their son, Charles Casey Murrow, was born in the west of London on November 6, 1. Career at CBS[edit]Murrow joined CBS as director of talks and education in 1. CBS did not have news staff when Murrow joined, save for announcer Bob Trout.
Murrow's job was to line up newsmakers who would appear on the network to talk about the issues of the day. But the onetime Washington State speech major was intrigued by Trout's on- air delivery, and Trout gave Murrow tips on how to communicate effectively on radio. Murrow went to London in 1. CBS's European operations.
The position did not involve on- air reporting; his job was persuading European figures to broadcast over the CBS network, which was in direct competition with NBC's two radio networks. During this time, he made frequent trips around Europe.[6] In 1.
Murrow hired journalist William L. Shirer, and assigned him to a similar post on the continent. This marked the beginning of the "Murrow Boys" team of war reporters.[7]Murrow gained his first glimpse of fame during the March 1. Anschluss, in which Adolf Hitler engineered the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany.
While Murrow was in Poland arranging a broadcast of children's choruses, he got word from Shirer of the annexation—and the fact that Shirer could not get the story out through Austrian state radio facilities. Murrow immediately sent Shirer to London, where he delivered an uncensored, eyewitness account of the Anschluss. Murrow then chartered the only transportation available, a 2.
Warsaw to Vienna so he could take over for Shirer.[8]At the request of CBS management in New York, Murrow and Shirer put together a European News Roundup of reaction to the Anschluss, which brought correspondents from various European cities together for a single broadcast. On March 1. 3, 1.
Bob Trout in New York, including Shirer in London (with Labour. MPEllen Wilkinson), reporter Edgar Ansel Mowrer of the Chicago Daily News in Paris, reporter Pierre J. Huss of the International News Service in Berlin, and Senator Lewis B. Schwellenbach in Washington, D. C. Reporter Frank Gervasi, in Rome, was unable to find a transmitter to broadcast reaction from the Italian capital, but phoned his script to Shirer in London, who read it on the air.[9]: 1.
Murrow reported live from Vienna, in the first on- the- scene news report of his career: "This is Edward Murrow speaking from Vienna.. It's now nearly 2: 3. Watch Ace In The Hole HD 1080P.
Herr Hitler has not yet arrived."The broadcast was considered revolutionary at the time. Watch The Enemy Below Online Metacritic. Featuring multipoint, live reports in the days before modern technology (and without each of the parties necessarily being able to hear one another), it came off almost flawlessly. The special became the basis for World News Roundup—broadcasting's oldest news series, which still runs each weekday morning and evening on the CBS Radio Network. In September 1. 93. Murrow and Shirer were regular participants in CBS's coverage of the crisis over the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia, which Hitler coveted for Germany and eventually won in the Munich Agreement. Their incisive reporting heightened the American appetite for radio news, with listeners regularly waiting for Murrow's shortwave broadcasts, introduced by analyst H.
V. Kaltenborn in New York saying, "Calling Ed Murrow .. Ed Murrow."During the following year, leading up to the outbreak of World War II, Murrow continued to be based in London. William Shirer's reporting from Berlin brought him national acclaim, and a commentator's position with CBS News upon his return to the United States in December 1.
Shirer would describe his Berlin experiences in his best- selling 1. Berlin Diary.) When the war broke out in September 1.
Murrow stayed in London, and later provided live radio broadcasts during the height of the Blitz in London After Dark. These broadcasts electrified radio audiences as news programming never had: previous war coverage had mostly been provided by newspaper reports, along with newsreels seen in movie theaters; earlier radio news programs had simply featured an announcer in a studio reading wire service reports.
World War II[edit]Murrow's reports, especially during the Blitz, began with what became his signature opening, "This is London," delivered with his vocal emphasis on the word this, followed by the hint of a pause before the rest of the phrase. His former speech teacher, Ida Lou Anderson, suggested the opening as a more concise alternative to the one he had inherited from his predecessor at CBS Europe, Cesar Saerchinger: "Hello America. This is London calling." Murrow's phrase became synonymous with the newscaster and his network.[1. Murrow achieved great celebrity status as a result of his war reports. They led to his second famous catchphrase. At the end of 1. 94. German bombing raid, Londoners who might not necessarily see each other the next morning often closed their conversations with "good night, and good luck." The future British monarch, Princess Elizabeth, said as much to the Western world in a live radio address at the end of the year, when she said "good night, and good luck to you all".
So, at the end of one 1.